Fiberglass ishimangirwa ikoreshwa cyane mubice bitandukanye byubukungu bwigihugu bitewe nuburyo bworoshye, imikorere myiza, nibikoresho fatizo byinshi.Ikoreshwa rya hand fiberglass tekinoroji (nyuma yiswe intoki) rifite ibyiza byo gushora imari mike, umusaruro muke, gukoresha ingufu nke, kandi birashobora kubyara ibicuruzwa bifite imiterere igoye, bifata umugabane runaka ku isoko mubushinwa.Nyamara, ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa byashyizwe mu ntoki mu Bushinwa kuri ubu birakennye, ku buryo bigabanya iterambere ry’ibicuruzwa byashyizwe mu ntoki.Abashinzwe inganda bakoze imirimo myinshi yo kuzamura ubwiza bwibicuruzwa.Mu bihugu by’amahanga, ibicuruzwa byashyizwe mu ntoki bifite ubuziranenge bw’ubutaka hafi cyangwa bigera ku rwego rwa A birashobora gukoreshwa nkibice byimbere n’imbere byo gushushanya imodoka zo mu rwego rwo hejuru.Twakoresheje tekinoroji nuburambe buva mu mahanga, dukora umubare munini wubushakashatsi bugamije iterambere, kandi twageze kubisubizo bimwe muriki kibazo.
Ubwa mbere, isesengura rya teoretiki rikorwa kubiranga ibikorwa byo gutunganya amaboko hamwe nibikoresho fatizo.Umwanditsi yizera ko ibintu by'ingenzi bigira ingaruka ku buso bw’ibicuruzwa ari ibi bikurikira: ① gutunganya ibisigazwa;Gutunganya imyenda ya gel ikariso;Quality Ubwiza bwubuso.
Resin
Ibisigarira bingana na 55-80% kuburemere bwibicuruzwa byashyizwe mu ntoki.Imiterere itandukanye ya resin igena neza imikorere yibicuruzwa.Imiterere yumubiri ya resin mubikorwa byo kubyara igena umusaruro nubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa.Kubwibyo, mugihe uhitamo resin, ingingo zikurikira zigomba gusuzumwa:
Ubukonje bwamaboko yashyizwe mubusanzwe ni hagati ya 170 na 117 cps.Ibisigarira bifite ubugari bwagutse, bifasha guhitamo.Ariko, kubera itandukaniro ryubwiza hagati yumupaka wo hejuru nu munsi wo munsi yikimenyetso kimwe cya resin igera kuri 100cps kugeza 300cps, hazabaho kandi impinduka zikomeye mubyiza mu gihe cyizuba nimpeshyi.Kubwibyo, ubushakashatsi burakenewe kugirango dusuzume kandi tumenye ibisigazwa bikwiranye nubwiza.Iyi ngingo yakoze ubushakashatsi kuri resin eshanu zifite ububobere butandukanye.Mugihe cyubushakashatsi, igereranya nyamukuru ryakozwe ku muvuduko wa resin winjiza umuvuduko wa fiberglass, imikorere ya resin ifuro, hamwe nubucucike nubunini bwurwego rwa paste.Binyuze mu bushakashatsi, byagaragaye ko uko ubukonje bwa resin bugabanuka, niko umuvuduko wihuta wa fiberglass wihuta, niko umusaruro ugenda neza, niko umuto wibicuruzwa bigabanuka, nuburyo bwiza bwuburinganire bwibicuruzwa.Nyamara, iyo ubushyuhe buri hejuru cyangwa ibipimo bya resin biri hejuru gato, biroroshye gutera kole (cyangwa kugenzura kole);Ibinyuranye na byo, umuvuduko wo gutera inda ya fiberglass uratinda, umusaruro ukaba muke, ibicuruzwa bikabije ni byinshi, kandi uburinganire bwibicuruzwa ni bibi, ariko ibintu byo kugenzura kole no gutemba biragabanuka.Nyuma yubushakashatsi bwinshi, byagaragaye ko ibishishwa bya resin ari 200-320 cps kuri 25 ℃, aribwo buryo bwiza bwo guhuza ubwiza bwubuso, ubwiza bwimbere, hamwe nubushobozi bwibicuruzwa.Mubikorwa nyabyo, birasanzwe guhura nibintu byo kwinuba kwinshi.Muri iki gihe, birakenewe guhindura resin viscosity kugirango igabanye urwego rwimitsi ikwiriye gukora.Mubusanzwe hariho uburyo bubiri bwo kubigeraho: ① kongeramo styrene kugirango ugabanye resin kugirango ugabanye ububobere;② Kuzamura ubushyuhe bwa resin hamwe nubushyuhe bwibidukikije kugirango ugabanye ububobere bwa resin.Kuzamura ubushyuhe bwibidukikije hamwe nubushyuhe bwa resin nuburyo bwiza cyane mugihe ubushyuhe buri hasi.Muri rusange, uburyo bubiri bukoreshwa muburyo bwo kwemeza ko resin idakomera vuba.
Igihe cyo guswera
Igihe cya gel ya polyester idahagije ni min 6 ~ 21 min (25 ℃, 1% MEKP, 0 5% cobalt naphthalate).Gele irihuta cyane, igihe cyo gukora ntigihagije, ibicuruzwa bigabanuka cyane, irekurwa ryubushyuhe ryibanze, kandi ibicuruzwa nibicuruzwa byoroshye kwangirika.Gele iratinda cyane, yoroshye gutemba, itinda gukira, kandi resin iroroshye kwangiza gati ya gati, bigabanya umusaruro.
Igihe cya gelation kijyanye nubushyuhe nubunini bwabatangije na promoteri wongeyeho.Iyo ubushyuhe buri hejuru, igihe cyo kuzunguruka kizagabanywa, gishobora kugabanya umubare wabatangiza nuwihuta wongeyeho.Niba abatangizi benshi hamwe nihuta byongewe kuri resin, ibara ryibisigara bizacura umwijima nyuma yo gukira, cyangwa bitewe nigisubizo cyihuse, resin irekura ubushyuhe vuba kandi yibanda cyane (cyane cyane kubicuruzwa bikikijwe n'inkuta), bizatwika ibicuruzwa.Kubwibyo, ibikorwa byo kurambika amaboko bikorwa mubidukikije hejuru ya 15 ℃.Muri iki gihe, ingano yabatangije nuwihuta ntabwo ikenera byinshi, kandi resin reaction (gel, curing) irahagaze neza, ikwiranye no gukora amaboko.
Igihe cyo gusohora cya resin gifite akamaro kanini kumusaruro nyirizina.Ikizamini cyerekanye ko igihe cya gel cya resin kiri kuri 25 ℃, 1% MEKP na 0 Ukurikije 5% cobalt naphthalate, iminota 10-18 ninziza cyane.Nubwo ibidukikije bikora byahindutse gato, ibisabwa byumusaruro birashobora gukemurwa muguhindura dosiye yabatangije kandi byihuta.
Ibindi bintu bya resin
(1) Kwangiza ibintu bya resin
Ubushobozi bwo gusebanya bwa resin bufitanye isano nubwiza bwabwo nibirimo umukozi wo gusebanya.Iyo ibishishwa bya resin bihoraho, ingano ya defoamer ikoreshwa ahanini igena ububi bwibicuruzwa.Mubikorwa nyabyo, mugihe wongeyeho umuvuduko nuwatangije kuri resin, umwuka mwinshi uzavangwa.Niba resin ifite imitungo idahwitse, umwuka uri muri resin mbere yuko gel idashobora gusohoka mugihe, hagomba kubaho ibibyimba byinshi mubicuruzwa, kandi igipimo cyubusa ni kinini.Kubwibyo, resin ifite umutungo mwiza wo gusebanya igomba gukoreshwa, ishobora kugabanya neza ibituba mubicuruzwa no kugabanya igipimo cyubusa.
(2) Ibara rya resin
Kugeza ubu, iyo ibicuruzwa bya fiberglass bikoreshwa nkimitako yo hanze yujuje ubuziranenge, muri rusange bigomba kuba bisize irangi ryo hejuru cyane hejuru kugirango ibicuruzwa bibe amabara.Kugirango harebwe niba amabara asize irangi hejuru yibicuruzwa bya fiberglass, birasabwa ko ubuso bwibicuruzwa bya fiberglass byera cyangwa bifite ibara ryoroshye.Kugira ngo ibyo bisabwa bishoboke, ibara ryibara ryoroshye rigomba gutoranywa muguhitamo resin.Binyuze mu gusuzuma ubushakashatsi ku mubare munini wa resin, herekanywe ko agaciro k'ibara rya resin (APHA) Φ 84 gashobora gukemura neza ikibazo cyamabara yibicuruzwa nyuma yo gukira.Muri icyo gihe, gukoresha ibara ryoroshye ryoroshye bituma byoroha gutahura no gusohora ibibyimba murwego rwa paste mugihe gikwiye;Kandi ugabanye kugaragara k'ubunini bwibicuruzwa bitaringanijwe biterwa namakosa yimikorere mugihe cyo gushira, bikavamo ibara ridahuye hejuru yimbere yibicuruzwa.
(3) Umwuka
Mubushuhe bwinshi cyangwa ubushyuhe buke, birasanzwe ko imbere yimbere yibicuruzwa bihinduka nyuma yo gukomera.Ni ukubera ko ibisigazwa hejuru yubutaka bwa paste bihura na ogisijeni, imyuka y’amazi, hamwe n’ibindi bintu byangiza polymerisiyumu mu kirere, bikavamo igicucu kituzuye cyuzuye cya resin hejuru yimbere y’ibicuruzwa.Ibi bigira ingaruka zikomeye nyuma yo gutunganya ibicuruzwa, naho kurundi ruhande, ubuso bwimbere bukunda gufata umukungugu, bigira ingaruka kumiterere yimbere.Kubwibyo, mugihe uhitamo ibisigazwa, hagomba kwitonderwa guhitamo ibisigazwa byumuyaga.Kubisigara bidafite ibyuma byumuyaga, igisubizo cya 5% paraffine (gushonga 46-48 ℃) hamwe na styrene birashobora kwongerwaho mubisumizi kuri 18-35 ℃ kugirango bikemure ibyuka byumuyaga bya resin, hamwe na dosiye hafi 6-8% bya resin.
Gelatin
Kugirango uzamure ubwiza bwibicuruzwa bya fiberglass, ibara risize ibara risanzwe risabwa hejuru yibicuruzwa.Gel coat ikariso nubu bwoko bwibikoresho.Gelatin coating resin itezimbere gusaza kwibicuruzwa bya fiberglass kandi bitanga ubuso bumwe, bikazamura ubwiza bwibicuruzwa.Kugirango hamenyekane neza uburinganire bwibicuruzwa, ubunini bwurwego rusanzwe rusabwa kuba mm 4-6 mm.Byongeye kandi, ibara ryikoti rya gel rigomba kuba ryera cyane cyangwa ryoroshye, kandi ntihakagombye kubaho itandukaniro ryibara hagati yitsinda.Byongeye kandi, hagomba kwitonderwa imikorere yimyenda ya gel, harimo ubwiza bwayo no kuringaniza.Ubukonje bukwiye cyane bwo gutera gel ni 6000cps.Uburyo bwimbitse bwo gupima uburinganire bwa gel ni ugutera igipande cya geli hejuru yubutaka bwaho.Niba hari fisheye nkibimenyetso byo kugabanuka kurwego rwa gel, byerekana ko kuringaniza geli atari byiza.
Uburyo butandukanye bwo kubungabunga uburyo butandukanye nuburyo bukurikira:
Ibishushanyo bishya cyangwa ibishushanyo bitakoreshejwe igihe kinini:
Ikoti rya gel igomba gukangurwa neza mbere yo kuyikoresha, na nyuma yo kongeramo sisitemu ya trigger, igomba guhita kandi ikangurwa kugirango igere ku ngaruka nziza yo gukoresha.Iyo utera, niba viscosity isanze ari ndende cyane, urugero rwiza rwa styrene rushobora kongerwamo imbaraga;Niba ari nto cyane, shyira hasi kandi inshuro nke.Byongeye kandi, gahunda yo gutera isaba isaba imbunda ya spray kuba hafi ya 2cm uvuye hejuru yikibumbano, hamwe numuvuduko ukabije wumwuka uhumeka, hejuru yumuyaga wa spray hejuru ya perpendikulari yerekeza ku cyerekezo cyimbunda, hamwe nubuso bwabafana ba spray bitwikiriye. na 1/3.Ibi ntibishobora gukemura gusa inenge yimikorere ya kote ubwayo, ariko kandi birashobora kwemeza guhuza ubwiza bwibicuruzwa bya gati.
Ingaruka yibibumbano hejuru yubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa
Ibumba nibikoresho byingenzi byo gukora fibre yububiko, kandi ibishushanyo birashobora kugabanywamo ubwoko nkibyuma, aluminium, sima, reberi, paraffin, fiberglass, nibindi ukurikije ibikoresho byabo.Ibibumbano bya Fiberglass byahindutse uburyo bukoreshwa muburyo bwo gushyiramo amaboko ya fiberglass bitewe nuburyo bworoshye, kuboneka ibikoresho bibisi, igiciro gito, inganda zigihe gito, no kubungabunga byoroshye.
Ubuso busabwa kububiko bwa fiberglass nubundi buryo bwa pulasitike burasa, mubisanzwe ubuso bwububiko ni urwego rumwe hejuru yubuso bwibicuruzwa.Nibyiza ubuso bwibibumbano, bigufi igihe cyo kubumba no nyuma yo gutunganya ibicuruzwa, nibyiza kurwego rwibicuruzwa, kandi nigihe kirekire cyumurimo wububiko.Iyo ifu imaze gutangwa kugirango ikoreshwe, birakenewe kugumana ubwiza bwubuso bwububiko.Kubungabunga ibumba birimo gusukura hejuru yububiko, gusukura ibumba, gusana ahangiritse, no gusya.Kubungabunga mugihe gikwiye kandi neza nuburyo bwibanze bwo gutangira kubumba, kandi uburyo bwiza bwo gufata neza ni ngombwa.Imbonerahamwe ikurikira irerekana uburyo butandukanye bwo kubungabunga hamwe nibisubizo byo kubungabunga.
Ubwa mbere, sukura kandi ugenzure hejuru yububiko, hanyuma usane ibikenewe ahantu harangiritse cyangwa muburyo budafite ishingiro.Ubukurikira, sukura hejuru yububiko ukoresheje umusemburo, wumishe, hanyuma usukure hejuru yububiko ukoresheje imashini isya hamwe na paste imwe cyangwa kabiri.Kurangiza ibishashara no gusya inshuro eshatu zikurikiranye, hanyuma usubiremo ibishashara, hanyuma wongere usige mbere yo gukoresha.
Ibishushanyo bikoreshwa
Ubwa mbere, menya neza ko ibishashara bishashara kandi bigasukurwa buri bitatu bikoreshwa.Kubice bikunda kwangirika kandi bigoye gusenyuka, ibishashara hamwe na polishinge bigomba gukorwa mbere yo gukoreshwa.Icya kabiri, kumurongo wibintu byamahanga (birashoboka polystirene cyangwa ibishashara) bishobora kugaragara hejuru yububiko bwakoreshejwe igihe kirekire, bigomba gusukurwa mugihe gikwiye.Uburyo bwo gukora isuku ni ugukoresha umwenda w ipamba winjijwe muri acetone cyangwa isuku idasanzwe kugirango usukure (igice kinini cyane gishobora gukurwaho buhoro buhoro ukoresheje igikoresho), kandi igice gisukuye kigomba kumanurwa ukurikije uburyo bushya.
Kubibumbano byangiritse bidashobora gusanwa mugihe gikwiye, ibikoresho nkibishashara bikunda guhinduka kandi ntibigire ingaruka ku gukira ikote rya jel birashobora gukoreshwa mukuzuza no kurinda agace kangiritse k'ububiko mbere yo gukomeza gukoresha.Kubishobora gusanwa mugihe gikwiye, ahangiritse hagomba kubanza gusanwa.Nyuma yo gusanwa, abantu batageze kuri 4 (kuri 25 ℃) bagomba gukira.Ahantu hasanwe hagomba gusukwa no kumanikwa mbere yuko ikoreshwa.Kubungabunga bisanzwe kandi byukuri kubuso bwububiko bugena ubuzima bwa serivisi yububumbyi, ihame ryubwiza bwibicuruzwa, hamwe numusaruro uhagaze.Kubwibyo, birakenewe kugira ingeso nziza yo kubungabunga ibumba.Muri make, mugutezimbere ibikoresho nibikorwa no kuzamura ubwiza bwubuso bwibibumbano, ubwiza bwibicuruzwa byashyizwe mu ntoki bizanozwa cyane.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-24-2024
